The working principle of balcony micro-energy storage can be roughly divided into the following steps:
Solar panels absorb sunlight:
Solar panels (or solar cells) absorb sunlight through semiconductor materials inside them. These rays include visible, ultraviolet and infrared light, of which visible light accounts for about 47% of the total energy radiated by the sun.
When sunlight strikes a solar panel, the photons excite electrons in the semiconductor material, forming a bond between electrons and holes, which releases electrical energy. This is the basic principle of the photovoltaic effect.
Photoelectric conversion:
Through the photovoltaic effect, solar panels convert absorbed sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. In this process, electrons excited by photons flow inside the semiconductor material, forming an electric current.
Electrical energy storage:
Since the output power of solar panels is unstable, and electricity cannot be obtained directly from solar panels at night, an energy storage system is needed to store the electricity generated during the day for use at night or on cloudy days.
Micro energy storage systems usually use batteries to achieve the storage of electric energy. Solar panels convert light energy into electricity during the day through the photovoltaic effect and store excess energy in batteries.
Electricity usage:
When electricity is needed, the energy stored in the battery can be converted into alternating current (AC) by an inverter for use by devices such as home appliances.
System optimization:
In order to improve the efficiency of balcony micro-energy storage systems, photovoltaic tracking systems and energy management systems can be used to optimize the output efficiency and energy storage efficiency of solar panels.
In summary, the working principle of balcony micro-energy storage is to convert sunlight into electricity through solar panels, and use batteries for energy storage and supply to meet the electricity needs of families or other small equipment.
